Understanding the Tesla Model S Performance Motor
Join me for a deep dive into the details of the 18,000 RPM performance rear motor and drive unit from a 2015-2016 Tesla Model S P90D. This drive unit is similar to the one used in the 2017-2020 P100D. The video is divided into four sections showing: 1. The motor and gears. 2. The high-performance bearings. 3. The lubrication system. and 4. The cooling system.
CORRECTIONS:
Thank you to everyone for catching my errors. There are always errors ;)
1. The Nissan Leaf ring gear is held on with 8 bolts, not 6.
2. The fluid in this drive unit is Dexron 6 transmission fluid.
3. Induction motor rotors do not have poles, just the stator. The 60 slot stator has four poles.
4. Silicon Nitride is a ceramic material.
Timeline:
0:00 Start
0:10 Introduction
1:35 Gearbox housing
2:10 Video Section 1 - Gears and Motor Rotor
2:45 The giant differential ring gear with 16-bolts!
4:20 The giant differential case bearings
4:50 The differential case speed at 250 km/h (155 mph) = 1841 RPM
5:15 MUST SEE Comparing the Tesla differential to others from a Chevrolet Bolt EV and Nissan Leaf EV
5:40 A Chevrolet Bolt EV differential ring gear with 12-bolts.
6:10 A Nissan Leaf EV differential ring gear with 8-bolts!
7:30 The Counter Shaft (Jack Shaft) with 25 pinion gear teeth. 78/25 = 3.12:1 Gear ratio from countershaft to the differential case
8:50 The countershaft speed at 250 km/h (155 mph) = 5743 RPM
9:30 The motor shaft with 25 teeth drives 78 teeth on the countershaft for another gear reduction of 78/25 = 3.12:1
10:08 The motor shaft speed at 250 km/h (155 mph) = 17,919 RPM
11:20 See all three gears in the reduction gearbox with an overall gear reduction of (78/25) x (78/25) = 9.7344:1
12:05 MUST SEE The AC Induction Motor Rotor with 74 bars
13:25 Motor specifications for power, torque, and gear ratio
15:00 MUST SEE Ceramic Bearings (Silicon Nitride) on the rotor from the SKF Group (skf.com)
16:22 MUST SEE Close up view of silicon nitride bearing
18:20 The motor rotor speed sensor reluctor wheel (tone ring)
19:22 Must SEE The rotor installed on the drive gear and the functioning gearbox
20:18 Video Section 2 - Specialized Bearings
21:21 The 60 slot four-pole stator and housing
23:05 The oil pump and how it is overdriven by the differential ring gear 23/78 = 0.2948:1 gear ratio (3.339 times faster than the ring gear)
23:55 MUST SEE The function of the oil pump (it may surprise you)
26:27 Motor shaft bearing reference speed and limiting speeds
27:30 How to run bearings at higher speeds than their limiting speeds
29:54 Video Section 3 - Lubrication
30:25 Drain and fill plug locations
30:50 Gearbox vent and inverter vents
31:05 Sport model label
31:39 MUST SEE Four different sealed areas in the drive unit
32:46 Video Section 4 - Cooling System
33:30 MUST SEE The coolant inlet port and the two paths coolant takes
33:53 Up for rotor cooling and gearbox cooling
35:03 Down for stator and inverter cooling
36:05 Coolant from the rotor moves to the gearbox heat exchanger and the outlet port
37:25 Stator temperature sensors
38:10 Coolant from the stator to the inverter coolant passages
38:28 Stator coolant temperature sensor
38:35 MUST SEE Insulated-Gate Bi-Polar Transistor (IGBT) module coolant passages and flow through gearbox passages
40:34 Inverter coolant outlet temperature sensor
40:45 The gearbox oil-to-coolant heat exchanger
41:38 Coolant outlet port to coolant pump and on-board charger module under the back seat.
41:55 Drive unit cooling system summary
43:04 IGBT inverter modules installed and inverter cover
43:40 High voltage battery cable connections and low voltage connections at the inverter
44:35 Video summary
Join us for hybrid and electric vehicle training with two online courses and in a 5-day on-campus boot camp with Professor John D. Kelly. See www.weber.edu/evtraining for more information.
Weber State University (WSU) - Automotive Technology Department - Advanced Vehicles Lab. A technical description and demonstration of the Tesla P90D Rear Drive Unit (RDU).
We teach current vehicle technologies to our automotive students at Weber State University and online. For more information visit: www.weber.edu/automotive
This video was created and edited by Professor John D. Kelly at WSU. For a full biography, see www.weber.edu/automotive/J_Kelly.html
Visit my other youtube channel kgcode.info to see the amazing NVH app for vibration diagnosis!
Please consider a donation to the Department of Automotive Technology at Weber State University here: advancement.weber.edu/Automotive
09:30 *"uh, the next shaft we have,,, i don't know its' exact name, i just call it the motor shaft"* that would be the 'input shaft'
Damn thats Green manufacturing right there. Lol so hypocritical
That looks like an AMAZINGLY small size for any device handling 400 kW.
Great detail and depth, very interesting, thank you.
Another excellent and thorough video from you. Keep up the good work sir.
Thank you
Love the thoroughness of the explanation. Also love the Mr Peabody reference to the Wayback Machine...
Thank you!
I appreciate your detailed explanation of drive gears, bearings and awesome coolings sysytem on this motor/transaxle. Neat to see how heat is removed. I wonder if the idea to use rocket fuel as coolant in Space X rocket engine nozzle came from the stator surrounded cooling system in this motor. Is this type of thin casing cooling used elsewhere in machines?
Thank you very much
It's nice of Tesla to put labels on everything so you know what it is. Lol
That is what I was thinking!
Great video! Two questions, where is power and torque measured? Is this input power? I think I remember, that electrical motor power rating was measured in electrical input power, which would be highest if you clamp the rotator and give it full beans. With torque, I have no idea, as I am an radio frequency engineer only, but the conditions would be quite helpful for an understanding
Slow down man slow down,you'll blow the trans-axle,I'm Hudson he's Hicks.
LOL! You can speed up the video if you want to
Awesome footage
Glad you enjoyed it
Nissan Leaf = 8 bolts.
Yes, I was wrong
Are you planning to do the same for the Model 3 motor? I'm curious about the differences between the PMSR Model 3 Performance motor and the Induction Model S P90 motor.
Yes I am. Both the rear and front motors are sitting right here waiting for me to get to them. I am finishing the Model S with two more videos in the next week and then the Model 3. Thanks for watching
It was an absolute delight to listen to you explaining the functionality of the rear motor and drive unit. Thank you.
Glad you enjoyed it!
@6:15 counting 8 bolts - how many times did you look?
LOL, I knew it was 8, but said 6 in the video. I'm getting old ;)
who prints your labels :D
I do, and it takes forever!
Thanks Professor. It is fascinating!!!
Glad you enjoyed it
I can appreciate all the design and engineering that went into this EV system...This is such a wonderful instructional video...I own a 2020 Model S and this is such a delight to understand the workings of the systems...Also, it is enlightening to see all the positive comments...Keep up the good work..
Thank you very much
I’m a motor / ASD guy. This is a brilliant explanation! Kudos.
Thank you very much!
Great video. Looking forward to the M3. My only question is on the specifics of the rotor cooling. How does that cooling shaft interface with the rotor at such a high speed? What kind of interface material is that? And what is the path of the fluid through the rotor? I wonder how coolant runs through when spinning at such high speed.
There is a seal next to that ceramic bearing. The seal must be a remarkable design to hold up at those high rpms
open diff lol do they have a lsd option at all ?
No, they use the brakes to control wheel slip
Nice video perhaps can you provide the skf ball bearing name or designation to me please ? Should be appear on the bearing above itself and both side had it own part name.@16:47
Thanks, coming this weekend
@WeberAuto thx i will be buy it for a normal testing. Nice with the video which provide the teeth numbers and more detail on it. Expecting your next video.
Thanks. BB1-3793
@23:08 the oil pump uses a plastic gear. I wonder if that will be the failure point? Any manufacturer that machine a metallic gear as a replacement upgrade?
It is actually a nylon gear. I haven't heard of failures with it. IF it failed, those two high speed bearings would fail prematurely.
A21:40 the locating bearings as they are called here take up the axial thrust. The two forces on the rotor are radial and axial. Fairly self explanatory as to what direction they are in. At least these are the terms I have always heard, radial and axial. So for example, needle bearings handle high radial loads, no axial whereas a thrust bearing handles all axial, no radial. Ball and spherical handle both, with ball usually better at radial, some axial, spherical good at both, and depending on the design can emphasize either.
Great information, thank you
Awesome video, thanks!
You are welcome
We rebuild these Tesla “Large Drive Units” every single day (on any given day, there are 10-15 Tesla powered cars at our shop). As a pioneer in this field, we had to develop lots of tools and techniques to make this all work. I’ll venture to say that nobody (outside of Tesla) has as much experience (and bigger piles of destroyed motors)!!! QC Charge Vista, California USA
Ditto Andrew reply^^^ what are the biggest or largest or most seen failure points that you come across and what can be done to rectify it?
Interesting. I know there's quite a few Teslas out there now, but I'm surprised how often you're rebuilding these already. What is the largest failure point or cause of failure for these drive units?
Thanks for the information. It is good to hear you are offering that service at your shop.
Thank you sir, very interesting. on my BMW motorbike the shaft from the motor to transmission is called the "input shaft" input>transmission. Thanks again from oz.
That makes perfect sense. Thanks
Thank you so much for the video. Engineering is key and I am impressed. Cheers, John L. in Fairlawn Virginia USA
Thank you
I find it surprising that the rotor coolant travels downwards as it cools the transmission housing. The hole at the top is small so the flow must be quite low. Must be difficult to bleed and avoid airlocks. Is it possible the flow goes the other way?
No, the direction is correct. These systems are vacuum filled, there is no need to bleed air because it is removed prior to pulling the coolant back in. Thanks for watching
Supert interesting. I will watch any of the upcoming videos you mentioned
Awesome, thank you!
Prof. What is cost of hardening car from magnetic pulse be nice to leave town if nukes on the way🤓
LOL! I do not know
Well Done TESLA !!!!!!!!!!!!! 13 Years AHEAD of ALL AUTO Makers - HEAD STUCK in the SAND !!!!!!!! 2008 Tesla Roadster ,Release 1996 GM EV-1 1913 Thomas Edison Electric Car i have a 82v Snapper String Trimmer Works Amazing - Lots of Power and Quick to Charge
Thanks for watching
Thank you for this explanation at this detailed level. Awesome information!!
Glad you enjoyed it!
370kw =. 496.178 hp and NOT 503 necessarily. Except if you explicitly state the kind of HP.
You are correct for imperial horsepower, I should have double checked. Apparently that spec is in metric horsepower. Thanks for the feedback
I absolutely hate Teslas. I shouldnt be here
LOL, Thanks for being here!
Way-cool video! Very informative, and intriguing. Thanks! I’m still watching, but 60% through the video, I’m not sure what to make of those ... 6, I think ... comparatively wimpy bolts protruding from the differential’s carrier, blocking access to the bearing to the half-shaft inside CV-joint housing.
Thanks for watching!
Thanks for the info. So much great info on KGcode!
Glad it was helpful!
But they wouldn't let me disassemble that one! 🙈🤣😂😂
LOL!
Incredible video. Love it. Thank you for your time and efforts in educating us!!!
My pleasure!
Where are the electrical connections to the rotor itself? I see can power going into the control electronics, but not the outputs.
There are none. It uses electromagnetic induction for power from the stator
Xlnt !
Thank you
I was about to stop the video because I was getting bored, but you interrupted me with the end. I had watched the whole thing! I laughed bc I have no personal experience building cars. Gosh I wanna be a mechanic. Awesome video, subscription earned!
Thank you very much
Man, I want to test drive a Tesla now !!!!
LOL, they are fun
What a wonderful job of communication you do. The details you explain are a lot easier to understand.. You are an excellent teacher.
Thank you so much!
According to the motor equations, peak torque is made at 5,650 RPM. That is derived using the basic motor equation P=(T x N) / 5250. Converting to N = (P x 5250)/T, using the peak numbers, the speed, N, is calculated as 5,630 RPM. Then, using the basic motor equation converted to find torque, T=(P x 5250)/N, using the ludicrous power in the equation gives ludicrous torque to be 496 lb-ft. If anybody knows differently, *PLEASE* explain where the mistake is in the explanation. Thanks!
The 503 hp works perfectly with the 469 ft*lbf of torque in normal mode. In Ludicrous mode the 532 hp works out to be the 496 ft*lbf of torque you calculated. I need to add a new label with Ludicrous torque of 496 ft*lbf. Thank you!
Thanks for an excellent presentation on the Tesla Motor Drive Unit.
You are welcome. Thanks for watching
Thanks professor, I appreciate your explanation of the workings of an (tesla) EV motor. Even Munro and assoc. did not give this sort of in depth analysis (unless you pay for it). Thanks again sir.
Thank you very much
Ceramic is a class of materials which includes Silicon Nitride, so a Silicon Nitride bearing is a Ceramic Bearing.
Yes, Thank you. I got that wrong
Great description, thankyou
Thank you
Look up Project Arizonian if you want to see some crazy engineering, basically it was a CIA operation to recover a sunken Soviet Submarine.
Thanks
That pipe through the motor we always called a sparge pipe when filled to rolling mills for coolant.
Excellent! Thank you!
They are a stupid, impersonal motor that has no soul and I'll be damned if I ever drive an electric car. If my hearse is electric, I'll roll over in my coffin. Horrible, horrible electric cars.
Thanks for your feedback
this is kinda click bait a tesla model s performance isnt the same as a P100D nor a 2016 model any way you cant buy none from tesla any more
Thanks for your feedback. As stated in the video description, It is a drive unit from a 2016 Model S P90D. The "P" in P90D stands for Performance.
Great detailed discription of the p90 drive motor boss!
Thank you! 👍
Excellent Quality
Glad you like it
I didn't find anything about the 2021 Model S bearings, but the Plaid version mentions carbon sleeved rotors.
I suspect we won't know anything until someone takes one apart.
Do we have 51 states now or did Nebraska or one of those other western states switch up their name to Weber?
LOL!
You guys have fantastic videos. I am sure you inspire lots of future mechanics and engineers.
Thank you very much!
You always provide great presentations! Thank you for that. It is most common for high speed bearings to be lubricated by polyolester based synthetic oils. A typical example is Phillips 66 Syndustrial Turbine Oil. These type lubricants offer better viscosity characteristics, lower coefficient of friction, and higher film strength than mineral oil based lubricants making polyolester lubricants the primary choice for very high speed, high load applications. It is also important to note double reduction helical gears are not known for their super efficiency especially under high loads. Elimination of the reduction gear system would be a real advantage. Anyone can research the losses caused by gear systems with those losses being significant. The bother I have with this motor is the typical design where the magnet field from the stator is perpendicular to the axis of rotor. This also requires use of ferromagnetic material for the conduction of the magnet field through the long path across the rotor and the long path around the stator from one side to the opposite side of the motor. Use of ferromagnetic materials in motors always cause losses due to the well known losses caused by changing magnetic fields within ferromagnetic materials. Motor efficiency suffers substantial from this antiquated design seldom exceeding 85%. A much better design is a pancake style motor where the magnet field is parallel to the axis of rotation. This style of motor, using five phases, can achieve 99% efficiency due in part to the elimination of the ferromagnetic material because the magnetic path can be a very short distance from stator to rotor. This design appears in the simplest form as a stator disk adjacent to a rotor disk. To increase output, stators and rotors may be stacked up like a stack of pancakes. Another advantage is the very high torque produce by this style of motor because the rotor reactive force may be designed with a long distance from the axis of rotation by design increases in motor diameter. Further advantages occur due to the lack of ferromagnetic materials and those losses and long time constants can allow this pancake design to be optimize for any RPM range without the need of gear reduction. All in all, one can expect in such a drive system as shown in this wonderful video presentation to experience an increase in efficiency of possibly as much as 50% at full load and likely 25% at low load. The big question is, "why is this antique design still even used anywhere?" Old habits are difficult to break!
Awesome information, thank you!
Top-notch quality video, love the level of detail. The only thing I noticed is that you sometimes seem to mix up mph and kph. Maybe try to hold one standard mph or kph (preferably metric, but whatever works for you :). )
Great point! Old habits are hard to break, but I am working on it. Thanks for watching.
Well actually i see that the ceramic ball bearings have indirect cooling through the shaft they hold on.
You are absolutely correct, I missed that
Usually the rotative part is called a rotor, could be inductive, or other, the other part is called the stator, sometimes we also can have inductive stator if the rotor is the powered part equippedd with a commutator and the coils, but that deppends of the purpose, however the both parts combined are the electrical motor.
Thank you for the information and thanks for watching
This was fantastic, and having participating in high-speed machinery design I really enjoyed the presentation of the cooling path. Many thanks!
Thank you very much!
they should've just used a lower kV motor, would've solved everything
@WeberAuto needing high temperature bearings etc..
Solved what? I do not understand
Nice comprehensive and detailed job explaining of a complex Tesla drive unit. I have a new Model Y and Tesla doesn’t require a fluid change. But after watching your video, I would think after 100k miles I would need change the lubricant or various types of fluid? What is your thought regarding that? Thanks
Thanks, I will talk more about that in the Model 3 motor videos coming up
As usual, very informative.
Thank you
Nissan Leaf has 8 bolts, not 6
Yes, thanks. I got that wrong
I'm sitting here trying to think of an alternate use for one of these motors... It's definitely possible to use it for something but it's not like a small block chevy engine where you can turn it into a blender if you really want. It's gonna take a lot more effort to make use of one of these. Pretty much once you remove the Tesla motor from a Tesla vehicle it's a brick. It's a damn shame as far as I'm concerned. I'd like to see more modular EVs. I dream of some day seeing a Tesla powered motorcycle (like a Boss Hoss but built out of a Model S Plaid or something).
There are ways to use Tesla motors in other vehicles. Thanks for your feedback
Just an FYI: Nissan Leaf has 8 bolts on the Ring Gear, instead of 6.
Yes I did notice that as soon as the professor said it, but I did not think it was worth mentioning this small mis speak as it was visually obvious. Also considering all the details he was explaining, he did a great job.
Yes, thanks. I got that wrong
And shat is an Igbo?
@Robert Riquelmy If you meant IGBT, Insulated-Gate Bi-Polar Transistor (IGBT). They are the transistors that control the current through the three stator windings. Sorry for not explaining that.
@WeberAuto what is an Igbo?
I don’t understand
very interesting video , but I'd still rather push my gas guzzler before I'd even think about driving an electric 'car'
Thanks, they are not for everyone.
Incredible Tesla engineering. And amazing video -- you got the knacks for explaining & teaching.
Thank you kindly!
Excellent 👍
Many thanks
Thank you for taking time to share this, saves me taking one apart lol
LOL, Glad to help!
great job! thanks a lot
Thank you!
Are you going to take apart the rotor to see what it's made out of and how?
Not unless I can get another one. It has 74 copper bars and shorting rings cast in iron laminations. Thanks for watching
@39:22 that is a pin-fin cold plate heat exchanger. Industry standard HE for liquid cooled power electronics. However this one is quite dense, guessing it's cuz of high current rating of this inverter. Excellent video and thanks for this deep dive :-)
@WeberAuto awesome! Can't wait! Thanks alot :)
@A. Akram Exact? No, but I will be showing it in another video soon
@WeberAuto hi prof. Weber. Any idea what is the EXACT geometrical/ electrical/ cooling differences ( if any) between the performance and non performance primary induction motor/inverter/gearbox in the "pre Raven" model S vehicles?
Thanks for the info!
@6:18 looks like 8 bolts to me
Yes, I was wrong. Thanks for watching
when it comes to performance size does matter, and so do the bearing ball......I'm dying here John.. I love you channel keep up the great work.
Thank you very much
Thanks for the info!
My pleasure
Great information.
Glad you think so!
Superb videos. Clear informative and interesting. Thank you for sharing your knowledge.
My pleasure!
Good explanation,very knowledgeable.
So nice of you
Excelente vídeo, muito bom!
Thank you
Cool, I want to see all the Tesla breakdowns now
Coming soon! Thanks
Dear Prof Kelly, nice video. Thanks for the detailed and well explained content about the tesla drivetrain. At 22:00 you say it's a 60 slot stator. Therefore it means on a three phase motor, it has 20 slots per phase, spreaded on the whole circumference. On these 20 slots, you can realize 4 poles or 2 pole pairs with so called integer slot windings or 8 poles and 4 pole pairs with fractional slot windings. This scheme is repeated for 5 times. On www.emetor.com/windings/ you can type in: Number of poles - 4 or 8 Number of slots - 60 Click on "Update". Then click on e.g the cell 60/4 to see the different winding layouts. ------ The rotor does not make the poles on an asynchronous machine. It's given by the stator. That's the reason that you can use a zylinder, tube or a coke can as a rotor ;-) At 18000 rpm, it's 300 Hz mechanical frequency and 600 Hz electrical frequency on the motor with 2 pole pairs
Thank you very much! I’ll check it out.
my guess would be that nissan got their stressing calculations right and the other two put lots of unnecessary metal in there
@mark scully Oh, yes, for sure. Thank you
@WeberAuto what I was saying is it looks like the tesla ring gear and bearings can handle far more torque than their diff would?
I am sure Nissan got their stressing calculations correct too. The Tesla just has a lot more torque than the Nissan. The comparison was to show the huge difference in torque handling capabilities. The leaf is a great car for the purpose it was designed; a commuter car, not a performance car.
the huge bearings and ring gear seem excessive especially given the fact that the differential units are more or less the same size in all three units
The ring gear width and diameter combine to handle the torque delivered to it. Although the ring gear diameters are close to the same, their widths are not the same. The larger bearings are necessary for the higher torque delivered.
I am pretty sure, that the small cables from the motor stator are winding temperature sensors. Also if you have any questions regarding electric motor winding design, please let me know, I work as an electric motor designer.
Thank you very much
It's ludacris!
LOL, yes
He should reach out to Rich rebuilds, he has all kinds of parts that the school could use and Im pretty sure Rich wont charge an arm and a leg, hell he might hook the school up being that its for educational purposes..
Thanks for your suggestion
kgcode.info/stream/fpjToZOEd86Lg4c/video.html
Another superb video John. I’m guessing that those dry running motor bearings must cost a fortune otherwise they would be more widely used.
@ponemark PI Thank you
@WeberAuto I was looking at them a few years ago for my Gsxr1000 wheels they were around £200 each couldnt justify the cost. Expect the bigger size would be a lot more. Great videos and excellent comunication the professor makes it easy to follow.
I suspect the same thing. I wish I knew their cost
This is just the best!
Thank you very much
Amazing video. Interesting to see cylindrical bearings and ball bearings on different gears.
Thank you
The oil pump channel doesn't seem to go to the silicon nitride bearing. It goes to the 2 bearings on the differential (last shaft on the drive unit). The silicon nitride bearing facing the drive train side seems like its on the rotor side of the circlip in the housing? If my understanding is correct, then the 2 silicon nitride bearings are only cooled by the circulating coolant down the middle of the stator. Am I misundertanding what I see?
@WeberAuto btw, Model 3 uses a perm magnet rotor design and simplified cooling architecture significantly... Like all other EVs :) kgcode.info/stream/pofLnZt-a9GtgI8/video.html&ab_channel=AllEVCanada
I don’t know, I am fairly new to the Tesla world. Any clunk on another vehicle is usually related to mounting issues or excessive gear tooth backlash. I suspect mounting problems if yours has been replaced twice. Maybe some loose bolts? The milling noise could be the rotor rubbing on the stator or a bearing on a gear shaft starting to go bad. I wish I knew more. Now that Tesla seems to be surviving, I am willing to invest time in learning more about their products.
@WeberAuto cool thx for the confirmation and great explanation btw. Interesting we don't hear about any coolant leaking into the oil chamber given the complex routing+seal. I guess seals don't face super hot temps in ICE. Any guesses on what caused the 2 common noise issues on early DUs? 1) clunk when torque on/off (parking lot) and 2) the "milling" noise. My 13 MS85 is on its 3rd DU (first 2 swapped due to issue #1/#2) and dealing with the 30mph+ hum/droning noise now.
You are correct, the Silicon Nitride bearings on the rotor are sealed and have their own internal lubrication. The rotor coolant passage is all that cools those bearings through a solid rotor shaft. The oil pump channel feeds the two bearings on the motor shaft that spins the same speed as the rotor. Thanks for watching
Thank you so much for such an interesting video and explanation!
You're very welcome!
I bet the big bearings are not necessarily for torque. Shock load seems to be more of a concern. Everything is hard splined and the rotor is a flywheel with (I*RPM^2) potentially 9+ times the kinetic energy as an ICE.
@WeberAuto It's also a 10" ring gear, so in order to make 4500 foot pounds on a 5" radius, it's more like 10,500lb of radial force. Thank you for filming these. It's amazing to see this change happen. Let's see what happens in 10 years. I'm excited to see GM's hummer taken apart. I doubt that vehicle will have everything hard-splined together.
The gear reduction of 9.7344:1 also multiplies torque. The 469 ft-lbf or torque gets multiplied by 9.7344 by time it gets to the differential case (minus frictional losses) and delivers 4565 ft-lbf of torque to the tires. Those big bearings are needed for that, although the shock factor is comparable. Thanks for watching
It was Great, Thanks
Glad you liked it!
As always, truly outstanding detail. I really appreciate these videos. Thank you.
My pleasure!